Tampilkan postingan dengan label emergencies. Tampilkan semua postingan
Tampilkan postingan dengan label emergencies. Tampilkan semua postingan

Minggu, 01 Mei 2016

1st Survival Summer Course Medical Emergencies Breathing problems

All right, so imagine youre out there in the wild, not London, thats too tacky for you; think of a place where you lose yourself for days. Youre surrounded by wild animals and feeling exhausted for walking miles without seeing a way out. Suddenly, you and your mate look ahead and a gay bear is in musth and cannot wait a second anymore. It invests against the two of you violently striking your mate down after a violent chest hit. You realize he has sustained an injury. "Ohhh, thats bad", you say to yourself, only to verify that hes going weaker and weaker with severe bleeding. In the meanwhile you start panicking and find yourself in shock. Its when you look around and see yourself alone in an immense flood of wild noises, rotten berries, a gay bear and dark green leaves that camouflage the thousand dangers you are to face. Scenario set, what would you do to correct your equilibrium once again?

Aforementioned Gay Bear 


Lets start with the breathing problems since your mate might as well be raped by this horny bear if you do not help him straightaway. To start with, stop panicking, its not going to help you in anyway. I remember a day when my wife (by then my girlfriend) decided that she neednt my help to reach that set of blankets high up on the closet and after falling she hit her chest against the bedside table. In less than two seconds she turned from golden-tan to sick purple as her residual air was expelled from the lungs when hitting the furniture. One of my mates, startled by the fusion of noise, color change and my girls incapacity to breath by herself; started panicking and caused more upset than the issue I already had in hands. My immediate idea was to tell her to go fetch some water, to just remove her from the scene so I could assess the magnitude of whatever was going on without having the third party causing even more entropy. After that initial assessment I proceeded the way I was taught.

1) Check if the victim has a partial or complete airway obstruction. If he/she can cough or speak, allow him/her to clear the obstruction in a normal natural way. Just hold hands and reassure the individual that you are there and nothing bad is going to happen. If the scenario seems a lot more serious then be prepared to clear the airway yourself and proceed with mouth-to-mouth resuscitation (only if the individual is unconscious). With a completely obstructed airway you will have to give him/her abdominal thrusts until you clear the obstruction.

2) With your finger sweep through the subjects mouth and clear of any alien objects, broken teeth, soil particles, etc.

3) Apply the jaw thrust method, i.e., grasp the hands of the persons lower jaw and lift with both hands, one on each side, moving the jaw forward. Rest you elbows on the same surface the person is lying on if you need stability. Proceed with opening the persons lips if theyre closed by gently opening the lower lip with your thumb (see image below).



4) Once the airway is open, pinch the persons nose close with your thumb and forefinger and blow two complete breaths into his/her lungs. Mind that you need to allow the lungs to deflate after the second inflation; only them you can:

- "look for his/her chest to rise and fall,
- listen for escaping air during exhalation,
- feel for flow of air on your cheek."

5) If this forced stimulation hasnt worked then youll have to proceed to maintain the persons breathing by mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.

6) People can vomit during mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, especially people who suffered drowning, so check the passages for vomit and clear it periodically.

7) Do never ever forget about your Red Cross Manual, ever again.

Now, that crazy bear from before is now pants down moving towards you once again... but thats only next week.
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Senin, 21 Maret 2016

1st Survival Summer Course Medical Emergencies Lifesaving steps when Bleeding Part 1

Whoa! It has been quite a long time since I last posted on this course that has been dragging since last Summer. This is the real Summer Course, indeed! Last February I wrote about breathing problems, this time we have to focus on something a little more fatalistic - lifesaving steps when bleeding -, either you do them right or you leak!!

What happens when youre facing a severe bleeding?

The loss of 1 liter of blood produces mild symptoms of shock, 2 liters a severe state that puts you in extreme danger, whereas 3 liters usually ends up in death.

The strategy always starts by the same common sense practice, which sounds easy but when ones severely bleeding might be really tough to handle. Avoid worsening shock by interpreting the 1939 slogan from the British government that has been used for decades...


Like the Swahili phrase says, no worries. If you act cool youll survive it. Just look for the cause of the injury. In severe bleeding a person can die in a matter of minutes if there is no fluids replacement. Assess what is the area of major bleeding:

Arterial (issues bright red blood in pulses corresponding to the rhythm of the heartbeat) - arterial bleeding is the most significant bleeding injury for the blood in the arteries is in very high pressure, therefore big volumes of blood can be lost in a short period.

Venous (a steady flow of dark red/maroon blood) - returning to the heart through blood vessels. Can be usually controlled more easily than arterial bleeding.

Capillary (low volumes of blood from the capillaries) are very easy to control.

What to do for controlling external bleeding?

Direct pressure, Indirect pressure (pressure points), elevation, digital ligation and tourniquet.

Direct Pressure is very effective. Apply pressure over the wound strongly enough to stop the bleeding but also for a long period of time to allow thrombocytes to seal off the damaged surface. If bleeding is still active after half an hour than a pressure dressing is the next step (watch the video for instructions). Apply this dressing in a tight fashion, but avoid impairing circulation to the rest of the affected area. It is very important that after applying the dressing you do not remove it, even when the dressing becomes blood soaked. Leave it on for 1-2 days after which a new and smaller one will do a better job. In the long-term survival, make fresh, daily dressing changes and inspect for signs of infection.

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